Singularity Observatory Moon Image Scale Experiments

The Moon - Experimenting with Image Scale & iPhone
One interesting part of astro imaging the Moon is image scale. With telescope and iPhone camera, which has two camera lenses, one can choose a 1x wide angle lens, 2x telephoto lens or simply vary the EP and FR lens combinations. 

Be sure to move the camera to center the Moon relative to the axis of the lens used. This method is afocal. This method works well and even by introducing an additional 6 lenses into the optical train, any reflections are eliminated by camera position.

The quick and dirty examples are shown to demonstrate image scale, taken without a camera mount and without a lunar drive to follow the Moon. The curvature at the bottom of the moon is caused by the restrictive FOV and gives an idea of image scale. Both images are taken with an iPhone XS Max, March 27th, 2019 up to 1am local time.

The first image is 1/79th second exposure. The second image is captured with the same 4.25mm F1.8 lens at ISO400 and 1/40th second exposure. The image scale was converted by the changing configurations of EP and FR. When a camera mount and drive are used, the image scale can be increased dramatically by eliminating the FR and selecting a different EP of shorter FL. Tracking will allow still greater EFL and the use of a 2x or greater Barlow lens. A 14-inch Celestron EdgeHD telescope was used for all experiments during hazy and cloudy conditions. IP compensation removed light pollution, fog, haze and clouds. The first image is converted to BW while the second image shows color through haze - in both instances the Moon showed the effects of atmospheric dispersion being relatively close to the horizon. The telescope was indoors shooting through an R Sky Zone which can be seen at the links.

Indoor Observing Links
https://space1usa.blogspot.com/2019/03/space1-singularity-observatory-indoor.html

https://space1usa.blogspot.com/2019/03/space1-singularity-observatory_20.html

Singularity Observatory Live Astro Photo

Singularity Observatory
Capture a Live Astro Photo

by Humanoido

It's alive!!! Apple has introduced several new iPhone cameras and software that changes everything when it comes to taking a photo and doing astronomical imaging! It's called Live Photos and the reality of this new kind of photo is it holds enough photos to make a 1.5 second video and has many other useful tricks.

This is a spectacular boon for astro imaging the Moon and planets as a single best shot can be chosen or several best shots extracted and summed into one more perfect image. It's one way of shooting through those pesky sky conditions when the blurring atmospheric seeing conditions clear for only a fraction of a second. Doing Astro Live Photo imaging changes the game for the better, making imaging through your telescope far more easy. It can sidestep the other lengthy procedures of image processing.

What is Live Photos?
Live Photos is an iPhone camera feature that brings your photos to life by creating a moving image. Instead of freezing a moment in time, you can now capture a Live Photo with movement and sound. iPhone Live Photos can be converted into stunning long exposure images. A Live Photo captures 1.5 seconds of video and audio both before and after you press the shutter button to take a photo. As well as a high quality still JPEG image, you also get a 3 second Live Photo with sound. When you play a Live Photo, you don’t see the still image that you took when you pressed the shutter button. Instead, you’ll see a 3 second moving image. When you shoot a Live Photo, the iPhone also captures a still image. This lets you relive those moments before and after you took the photo.

Phones and OS Working with Live Photo
You can only shoot a Live Photo with the iPhone 6s/6s Plus or newer. But you can share them to older iPhones or an iPad as long as that device is running iOS 9 or later. The Live Photo feature is available on the following iPhones:

iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus
iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus
iPhone 8, iPhone 8 Plus, and iPhone X
iPhone XS, iPhone XS Max, and iPhone XR

How it Works
How does the iPhone know to record video for the 1.5 seconds before you press the shutter button? With Live Photos enabled, the built-in camera app starts recording video as soon as you open the app. So when you press the shutter button, your iPhone has already captured the 1.5 seconds before the shot. It saves this footage along with the 1.5 seconds following the image capture. Your iPhone discards all other video footage captured before and after those 1.5 seconds. So you don’t need to worry that the constant video recording will fill up your iPhone’s storage.

How To Switch On Live Photo
Start by opening the built-in camera app, and set the shooting mode to Photo. You can’t shoot Live Photos in any of the other shooting modes. The Live Photos setting is the round icon shown on the top of the screenshot below. If the icon is yellow, Live Photos is on. If the icon is white, tap it once to turn on Live Photos.
Live Photos is on by default, but you can switch it off at any time by tapping the yellow Live Photos icon. When you switch on Live Photos, the word “Live” appears in a yellow box as shown. This will disappear after a couple of seconds.

Video Starting
Remember that the 1.5 seconds of video starts before you press the shutter button. So make sure you compose your shot and hold it there for a couple of seconds before you press the shutter. If you don’t do this, the first part of your Live Photo will be of you moving the camera to frame the shot. Likewise, your iPhone will record video for 1.5 seconds after you’ve pressed the shutter. So make sure you keep your phone still for a couple of seconds after taking the shot.

Live Photo Audio
Live Photos capture audio as well as video. So you’ll hear any sound in your Live Photo when you play it back.

Turn Off Live Photo
When you no longer want to shoot Live Photos, switch off the Live Photos feature so that the icon turns white.

How to View on an Older iPhone Model
View Live Photos on an older iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch that can run iOS 9 or later. Find the Live Photo you want to view. Touch and hold the photo to animate it.

How to view Live Photos on a newer iPhone model
View a Live Photo on Apple's current-generation iPhone models, see list. Launch the Photos app from your Home screen. Find the Live Photo you want to view. Press firmly on the photo to animate it. It will blur for just a second and then start to play.

Storage
Live Photos take up a lot of storage space on your iPhone. So if you leave it on for every shot you may find that your phone becomes full.

Processing
Processing your live images is easy with Apple's free Photo, a program on iMac computers and an app on iPhones. You can edit Live Photos in the Photos app in a similar way to editing still images. For Live Photos there are some extra editing tools. When you open a Live Photo, tap Edit at the top right of the screen. The editing tools will appear. Crop and rotate, apply a filter, or make lighting and color adjustments. The wand icon is an autocorrect option for enhancing exposure and color with a single tap.

Change the Key Photo

You can change the key photo (the one you see in your photo library) using the slider at the bottom of the screen. Move the slider until you find the image you want. Tap Make Key Photo to confirm your choice: A white dot will appear over your chosen photo. A grey dot appears over the original key photo in case you ever want to go back to it. When you’ve finished editing your Live Photo, tap Done to save the changes. If you want to remove the editing you applied, you can revert back to the original Live Photo at any time. In the Photos app, find the Live Photo you want to revert, tap Edit, then tap Revert. On the message that appears, tap Revert to Original. Another option under the Edit facility is to switch from a Live Photo to a still image (without making any edits). When you’re viewing a Live Photo, tap Edit, then tap the yellow Live Photos icon to convert it to a still image. The icon will turn white to show that it’s no longer a Live Photo. Tap Done to confirm.

Special Effects

Since iOS 11, you can apply three special effects to your Live Photos: Loop, Bounce and Long Exposure.

Long Exposure

The Long Exposure option creates a photo with a slow shutter effect. It overlays all the video frames from your Live Photo to create a single image. Long exposure with scenes that include movement will blur the motion. With a telescope, make sure tracking in on and the image is ultimately stable. This ensures that the stationary parts of the scene remain sharp in the final image. Long exposures should lessen image noise.

Turn a Live Photo into a GIF
There's no longer the need for a GIF creator app. You can do it all right in the Photos app! Launch the Photos app from your Home screen. Find and tap the Live Photo you'd like to turn into a GIF. Swipe up on the center of the screen to reveal the animation options. Tap Loop if you'd like to loop the Live Photo as a GIF.

How to Extract a Still Shot from a Live Photo
If you want the still photo only, you can make a copy. Open the Photos app. Select the Live Photo you want to extract a still shot from. Tap the Share icon in the bottom left corner of the screen. Tap Duplicate in the option tray at the bottom of the screen. Tap Duplicate as Still Photo. A copy of the still photo will appear in your library right next to the original Live Photo. You can delete the Live Photo if you no longer want it to take up storage on your iPhone.

Links
https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT207310

Singularity Observatory Focal Reducer

Singularity Observatory
Focal Reducer Experi-ment

The Celestron Focal Reducer is a great product, designed to change a telescope from f11 to f7. It simply screws into the visual back of an SCT followed by the star diagonal and eyepiece.

by Humanoido

This means more of a large object like the Moon will fit into the field of view when looking through the telescope's eyepiece. Exactly how much more of an object, like the Moon, is visible with the Focal Reducer in place? This experiment will qualitatively determine that result.

Results are shown at the left. The top image highlights the Moon imaged through the eyepiece without a focal reducer. The Moon has a much larger image scale and does not fit into the field of view. Below, the image highlighted was taken with the focal reducer in place. The Moon just fits into the field of view. The focal reducer is one that offers edge correction for SCTs that are not already corrected. Telescopes like the EdgeHD are corrected to the edge and Celestron does not recommend using this focal reducer. However, it works well, and the author bought it for CCD use which covers only a small center area which is fully corrected. All in all, the image is rather good at the edge, even the focal reducer was not recommended.

Keep in mind this experiment was performed with the supplied Celestron stock 23mm eyepiece which appears to add color fringing aberrations with or without the focal reducer. Also, the hand held iPhone Xs Max camera adds numerous lenses into the optical train which may cause reflections, differences in lighting and focus issues depending on the orientation.

Celestron 14" f/11 EdgeHD CGX-L
Celestron Luminos 23mm FL Eyepiece 2"
Celestron Star Diagonal
Celestron Focal Reducer f/7
Apple iPhone Xs MAX

*Image experiment on Thursday evening, March 21, 2019 at 8:05 pm local time, through clouds and haze, camera was hand held, no drive, shot indoors looking out to the sky view

https://space1usa.blogspot.com/2019/03/space1-singularity-observatory-indoor.html

Space1 Super Super Super Brain Bionic Evolution 3SB

Super Super Super Brain - Bionic Evolution Revolution 3SB
Humanoido's Big Brain pet project AI supercomputer has had a series of massive upgrades transforming ultimately into a powerful new machine at a level never thought possible. This time around we upgrade to the all new bionic chip level using currently the most powerful phone in the world, the highest level Apple iPhone XS Max with a Neural Engine, GPU & Core Processor Arrays. Make no mistake about it, at 242,000 Levels of Neural processors, the 3SB is one of the most formidable machine intelligences ever created.

Introducing a new level of powerful Neural Engine - Bionic. Now that a 12 barrel ultra high speed cloud is working at unheard of speed, the data pipeline is large and massive enough to handle all the super power from the newest iPhone (currently the world's most powerful) and its additional 18 processors for assimilation. Parts of those processors are already AI functional in a neural net and ready to provide another extenuating matrix arm to the brain supercomputer, now at the super super super bionic code level. This preps the massive AI for the next step in evolution - code named Bionic. The Bionic infiltrates the Super Super Brain forming a new neural supercomputer at the highest levels, creating Humanoido's most powerful and largest neural engine supercomputer AI machine yet.

Development History
* Parallel Brain - 2002
* Big Brain - China 2010
* Big Brain - Supertronic 2012
* Super Brain - Matrix USA Add 2016
* Super Super Brain - Generations Pacific Rim Add 2018 2SB
* Super Super Super Brain - Bionic 3SB 2019

The AI machine intelligence development code name is currently Super Super Super Brain - Bionic. These upgrades (assimilations) have added several thousand more neural processing units, taking the brain beyond 240,000 neural processors into a new era of development and enlightenment.

Note: this page describes only the new features added this time around for the upgrade, and not the features already existing in the Super Super Brain.

Notable Powerful New Additions
* Bionic Presence in Processing
* Adaptive Virtual Machine Avatars for Space Missions
* Full Verbal Duplex Communications Interface
* Augmented Reality
* Introduction of 3D
* Neural Measurements of Objects in Space Time
* Greater Wireless Net Presence
* Fastest Mobile System to Date - Wide Piping
* Imaging Setting a World Standard
* Introduction of 4K Sensors
* Vast Array of Sensors

iPhone XS Max - Partial list of new specs
added to become the Super Super Super Brain - Bionic 3SB
* A12 Bionic Processor with 6.9 billion transistors
* Memory 3GB
* Storage 256GB
* Neural Machine Engine for machine learning
* Added processing 5 trillion operations per second
* AnTuTu 3DBench: 334,325, Geekbench 4 CPU: 4,831 single-core; 11,443 multi-core

A12 Bionic Processor Specifications
The smartest, most powerful chip in a smartphone. A whole new level of intelligence. The A12 Bionic, a next-generation Neural Engine, delivers incredible performance using real-time machine learning to transform photos, gaming, augmented reality, and more. Apple-designed 18-core CPU. Performance cores tackle heavy computational tasks. Efficiency cores take on everyday tasks. Newest performance controller dynamically divides work across cores, harnessing all when a power boost is needed. Apple-designed GPU. A new fourth core and lossless memory compression bring big gains in graphics performance to games, video editing, and visually demanding apps.

* 4-core GPU
* 6 Core CPU
* 8-Core Neural Engine
* Highest Level Graphics performance
* Metal 2 optimized

Apple-designed Neural Engine is built for advanced, real-time machine learning. That means recognizing patterns, making predictions, and learning from experience, similar to humans. The Neural Engine is incredibly fast, able to perform five trillion operations per second. It’s incredibly efficient, which enables it to do all kinds of new things in real time. And it’s incredibly smart, so you can do things like jump right into immersive AR experiences. And quickly find all your pictures of dogs. Or beaches. Or babies. The Neural Engine is opened up to the Core ML platform, so developers can bring powerful, real-time machine learning to their apps.

* 8-core architecture
* 5 trillion operations per second
* Core ML runs up to 9x faster than A11 Bionic

* Enhanced ISP. The image signal processor features a refined depth engine, which captures extraordinary detail in Portrait mode. Smart HDR with far greater dynamic range in images.

* The processing power and intelligence of the A12 Bionic make the iPhone XS incredibly capable. But the chip was also designed with efficiency in mind. So when you put all that power into play, you still get great battery life.

* Rear camera AR. Faster detection of flat surfaces in a scene lets you jump right into immersive augmented reality experiences.

* Front camera AR. Apps can use the TrueDepth camera and A12 Bionic chip to create rich, detailed backgrounds and generate 3D effects.

* Immersive gaming. The new GPU makes all kinds of games — especially 3D, graphics-intensive gameplay — faster and more fluid. GPUs provides the brain with the most vivid dreaming to date.

* Smart HDR. The enhanced ISP processes even more data from the camera sensor. Which gives you greater dynamic range with better motion freezing, excellent noise reduction in low light, and more.

* Advanced Face ID. The TrueDepth camera and Neural Engine work together to recognize you — even if you put on a hat, grow a beard, or wear glasses.

* Expressive Memoji Avatars. Together, the A12 Bionic and TrueDepth camera track more than 50 facial muscles to make Memoji Avatars that move and react like you.

* Super Retina HD display
* 6.5‑inch (diagonal) all‑screen OLED Multi‑Touch display
* HDR display
* 2688‑by-1242‑pixel resolution at 458 ppi
* 1,000,000:1 contrast ratio (typical)
* The iPhone XS Max display has rounded corners that follow a beautiful curved design, and these corners are within a standard rectangle. When measured as a standard rectangular shape, the screen is 6.46 inches diagonally (actual viewable area is less).
* True Tone display
* Wide color display (P3)
* 3D Touch
* 625 cd/m2 max brightness (typical)
* Fingerprint-resistant oleophobic coating
* Support for display of multiple languages and characters simultaneously
* Augmented reality
* Multiple real time task swapping & management
* Change color in different lighting, making the SSB a transformative chameleon
* Antenna Band, 4×4 MIMO framework faster stronger internet connectivity
* Extra pipes for power leg to gateway
* Connectivity Bluetooth 5.0, NFC

Camera Synergy
* Top camera - f/1.8 12 megapixel
* Under camera - f/2.4 12 megapixel
* Front camera 7-megapixel RGB f/2.2
* Plus an IR camera, structured light transmitter for Face ID & animojis
* Video 1080p at 60fps, video stabilization
* 4K 60fps
* zero lag
* Intelligent image acquisition
* Smart HDR
* Depth Control
* Image Stabilization, photo merging
* Dual 12MP wide-angle and telephoto cameras
* Wide-angle: ƒ/1.8 aperture
* Telephoto: ƒ/2.4 aperture
* 2x optical zoom; digital zoom up to 10x
* Portrait mode with advanced bokeh and Depth Control
* Portrait Lighting with five effects-Natural, Studio, Contour, Stage, Stage Mono
* Dual optical image stabilization
* Six‑element lens
* Quad-LED True Tone flash with Slow Sync
* Panorama (up to 63MP)
* Sapphire crystal lens cover
* Backside illumination sensor
* Hybrid IR filter
* Autofocus with Focus Pixels
* Tap to focus with Focus Pixels
* Smart HDR for photos
* Wide color capture for photos and Live Photos
* Local tone mapping
* Advanced red-eye correction
* Exposure control
* Auto image stabilization
* Burst mode
* Timer mode
* Photo geotagging
* Image formats captured: HEIF and JPEG

Terminal
* One extra gold terminal, Wide Stereo, 208 grams, 3.05” wide 6.2 high .3 deep
* 3D Touch, P3 Wide Color
* 3,174 mAh Lithium Ion Battery
* Added security Face identification, recognizes owner in the dark
* XS Max 6.5-inch OLED screen
* Super Retina Screen 2,688 x 1,242 screen resolution 458 ppi
* 1,000,000:1 contrast ratio, 625 cd/m2 max brightness, Oleophobic coated
* DOLBY Vision, HDR10, 3D images, AI Measurements
* Auto Screen Frequency Matching to Surroundings
* Gigabit-class LTE and dual-SIM with dual-standby technology

Video Recording
* 4K video recording at 24 fps, 30 fps, or 60 fps
* 1080p HD video recording at 30 fps or 60 fps
* 720p HD video recording at 30 fps
* Extended dynamic range for video up to 30 fps
* Optical image stabilization for video
* 2x optical zoom; digital zoom up to 6x
* Quad-LED True Tone flash
* Slo‑mo video support for 1080p at 120 fps or 240 fps
* Time‑lapse video with stabilization
* Cinematic video stabilization (1080p and 720p)
* Continuous autofocus video
* Take 8MP still photos while recording 4K video
* Playback zoom
* Video geotagging
* Video formats recorded: HEVC and H.264
* Stereo recording
* TrueDepth Camera
* 7MP camera
* ƒ/2.2 aperture
* Portrait mode with advanced bokeh and Depth Control
* Portrait Lighting with five effects-Natural, Studio, Contour, Stage, Stage Mono
* Animoji and Memoji
* 1080p HD video recording at 30 fps or 60 fps
* Smart HDR for photos
* Extended dynamic range for video at 30 fps
* Cinematic video stabilization (1080p and 720p)
* Wide color capture for photos and Live Photos
* Retina Flash
* Backside illumination sensor
* Auto image stabilization
* Burst mode
* Exposure control
* Timer mode

Face ID
* Enabled by TrueDepth camera for facial recognition

Cellular and Wireless
* Model A2101
* FDD-LTE
* Bands 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 32, 66
* TD-LTE Bands 34, 38, 39, 40, 41, 46
* UMTS/HSPA+/DC-HSDPA 850, 900, 1700/2100, 1900, 2100 MHz
* GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz)
* Gigabit-class LTE with 4x4 MIMO and LAA4
* 802.11ac Wi‑Fi with 2x2 MIMO
* Bluetooth 5.0 wireless technology
* NFC with reader mode
* Express Cards with power reserve

Location
* Assisted GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and QZSS
* Digital compass
* Wi‑Fi
* Cellular
* iBeacon microlocation
* Audio Calling
* Supports FaceTime audio only

Audio Playback
Audio formats supported
* AAC‑LC
* HE‑AAC
* HE‑AAC v2
* Protected AAC
* MP3
* Linear PCM
* Apple Lossless
* FLAC
* Dolby Digital (AC‑3)
* Dolby Digital Plus (E‑AC‑3)
* Audible (formats 2, 3, 4, Audible Enhanced Audio, AAX, and AAX+)
* Wider stereo playback
* User‑configurable maximum volume limit

Video Playback
Video formats supported
* HEVC
* H.264
* MPEG‑4 Part 2
* Motion JPEG
* High Dynamic Range with Dolby Vision and HDR10 content
* AirPlay Mirroring
* photos
* xvideo out to Apple TV 2nd generation or later

Video mirroring and video out support
* 1080p through Lightning Digital AV Adapter & Lightning to VGA Adapter

Dynamics
* Volume up/down
* Ring/Silent
* Side button
* Built-in stereo speaker
* Lightning connector
* Built-in microphones
* Built-in stereo speaker
* Built-in microphone

Power and Battery
* Talk time (wireless): Up to 25 hours
* Internet use: Up to 13 hours
* Video playback (wireless): Up to 15 hours
* Audio playback (wireless): Up to 65 hours
* Fast-charge capable: Up to 50% charge 30 minutes nh
* 30W adapter or higher (available separately)
* Built-in rechargeable lithium-ion battery
* Wireless charging (works with Qi chargers)
* Charging via USB to computer system or power adapter

Sensors
* Face ID
* Barometer
* Compass
* Three‑axis gyro
* Accelerometer
* Proximity sensor
* Ambient light sensor
* Audio Level sensor
* Infrared Detection
* Pressure touch sensor
* 4K Visual w/Opto
* Altimeter

Accessibility Enhancements
* Built-in Support for Vision
* Hearing Enhancements
* Physical and Motor Skill Supplementation
* Learning and Literacy Enabled

Features
* VoiceOver
* Zoom
* Magnifier
* RTT and TTY support
* Dictation
* Switch Control
* Closed Captions
* AssistiveTouch
* Speak Screen

Built-in Apps
* Camera
* Photos
* Health
* Messages
* Phone
* FaceTime
* Mail
* Music
* Wallet
* Safari
* Maps
* Calendar
* iTunes Store
* App Store
* Notes
* Contacts
* Books
* Home
* Weather
* Reminders
* Clock
* Stocks
* Calculator
* Voice Memos
* Compass
* Podcasts
* Watch
* Tips
* Find My iPhone
* Find My Friends
* Settings
* Files
* Measure

Installed Apps
* iMovie
* Pages
* Keynote
* Numbers
* iTunes U
* GarageBand
* Apple TV Remote
* iTunes Remote
* Music Memos
* Clips
* Shortcuts
* Headphones
* EarPods with Lightning Connector
* SIM Card
* Dual SIM (nano-SIM and eSIM)10
* Rating for Hearing Aids M3, T4

Mail Attachment SupportViewable document types
.jpg, .tiff, .gif (images); .doc and .docx (Microsoft Word); .htm and .html (web pages); .key (Keynote); .numbers (Numbers); .pages (Pages); .pdf (Preview and Adobe Acrobat); .ppt and .pptx (Microsoft PowerPoint); .txt (text); .rtf (rich text format); .vcf (contact information); .xls and .xlsx (Microsoft Excel); .zip; .ics; .usdz (USDZ Universal)

System Requirements
Apple ID (required for some features)
Internet access
Syncing with iTunes on a Mac or PC requires:
Mac: OS X 10.11.6 or later
PC: Windows 7 or later
iTunes 12.8 or later on Mac and iTunes 12.9 or later on PC
(free download from www.itunes.com/download)

Environmental Requirements
Operating ambient temperature: 32° to 95° F (0° to 35° C)
Nonoperating temperature: −4° to 113° F (−20° to 45° C)
Relative humidity: 5% to 95% noncondensing
Operating altitude: tested up to 10,000 feet (3000 m)

LanguagesLanguage support
English (Australia, UK, U.S.), Chinese (Simplified, Traditional, Traditional Hong Kong), French (Canada, France), German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Spanish (Latin America, Mexico, Spain), Arabic, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazil, Portugal), Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese

QuickType keyboard support
English (Australia, Canada, India, Singapore, UK, U.S.), Chinese - Simplified (Handwriting, Pinyin, Stroke), Chinese - Traditional (Cangjie, Handwriting, Pinyin, Stroke, Sucheng, Zhuyin), French (Belgium, Canada, France, Switzerland), German (Austria, Germany, Switzerland), Italian, Japanese (Kana, Romaji), Korean, Spanish (Latin America, Mexico, Spain), Arabic (Modern Standard, Najdi), Armenian, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Bengali, Bulgarian, Catalan, Cherokee, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Emoji, Estonian, Filipino, Finnish, Flemish, Georgian, Greek, Gujarati, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindi (Devanagari, Transliteration), Hinglish, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Kannada, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Malayalam, Maori, Marathi, Norwegian, Odia, Persian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazil, Portugal), Punjabi, Romanian, Russian, Serbian (Cyrillic, Latin), Slovak, Slovenian, Swahili, Swedish, Tamil (Script, Transliteration), Telugu, Thai, Tibetan, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Vietnamese, Welsh

QuickType keyboard support with predictive input
English (Australia, Canada, India, Singapore, UK, U.S.), Chinese (Simplified, Traditional), French (Belgium, Canada, France, Switzerland), German (Austria, Germany, Switzerland), Italian, Japanese, Korean, Russian, Spanish (Latin America, Mexico, Spain), Portuguese (Brazil, Portugal), Thai, Turkish

Siri languages
English (Australia, Canada, India, Ireland, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, UK, U.S.), Spanish (Chile, Mexico, Spain, U.S.), French (Belgium, Canada, France, Switzerland), German (Austria, Germany, Switzerland), Italian (Italy, Switzerland), Japanese, Korean, Mandarin (Mainland China, Taiwan), Cantonese (Mainland China, Hong Kong), Arabic (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates), Danish (Denmark), Dutch (Belgium, Netherlands), Finnish (Finland), Hebrew (Israel), Malay (Malaysia), Norwegian (Norway), Portuguese (Brazil), Russian (Russia), Swedish (Sweden), Thai (Thailand), Turkish (Turkey)

Dictation languages
English (Australia, Canada, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, United Arab Emirates, UK, U.S.), Spanish (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Spain, Uruguay, U.S.), French (Belgium, Canada, France, Luxembourg, Switzerland), German (Austria, Germany, Luxembourg, Switzerland), Italian (Italy, Switzerland), Japanese, Korean, Mandarin (Mainland China, Taiwan), Cantonese (Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao), Arabic (Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates), Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch (Belgium, Netherlands), Finnish, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi (India), Hungarian, Indonesian, Malaysian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazil, Portugal), Romanian, Russian, Shanghainese (Mainland China), Slovakian, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese

Definition dictionary support
English, Chinese (Simplified, Traditional), Danish, Dutch, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Turkish

Thesaurus
English (UK, U.S.)

Bilingual dictionary support with English
Arabic, Chinese (Simplified, Traditional), Dutch, French, German, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish

Spell check
English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Swedish, Turkish

SPACE1 Double Rainbow

The double rainbow appeared above the distant mountain on September 12th, 2018 as seen from the open faced Skyway at Skyscraper Observatory. Notice in a second rainbow, the sequence of colors is reversed. iPhone camera.

SPACE1 Industries & The Rising Moon

Humanoido, Founder of SPACE1 and Director of Skyscraper Observatory, captured this iconic image of the rising full Moon during the day, approaching sunset, with a SPACE Industries view. At the end of July 2018, the Moon rose before Mars and altered (reduced) the limiting stellar magnitude of visible stars. Photo capture with iPhone 6+ zoom as the Moon was rising about the distant mountains.